oIbtc夏日夜晚星空璀璨，萤火虫舞伴梦乡11:25:32

李大龙 · 发表于 2025-8-18 11:25:32

夏日夜晚星空璀璨，萤火虫舞伴梦乡《添字采桑子·窗前谁种芭蕉树》原文翻译及赏析_作者李清照窗前谁种芭蕉树阴满中庭阴满中庭叶叶心心舒卷有馀清馀清一作情伤心枕上三更雨点滴霖霪点滴霖霪愁损北人不惯起来听这首词作于南渡以后通过雨打芭蕉引起的愁思表达作者思念故国故乡的深情上片咏物借芭蕉展心反衬自己愁怀永结郁郁寡欢的心情和意绪首句窗前谁种芭蕉树似在询问似在埋怨无人回答也无须回答然而通过这一设问自然而然地将读者的视线引向南方特有的芭蕉庭院接着再抓住芭蕉叶心长卷叶大多荫的特点加以咏写蕉心长卷一叶叶一层层不断地向外舒展阔大的蕉叶似巨掌似绿扇一张张一面面伸向空间布满庭院散发着清秀点缀着南国的夏秋第二句阴满中庭形象而逼真地描绘出这一景象第三句重复上句再用一个阴满中庭进行吟咏使人如临庭前如立窗下身受绿叶的遮蔽进而注视到蕉叶的舒卷叶叶心心舒展有馀情歇拍二句寄情于物寓情于景叶叶与心心两对叠字连用一面从听觉方面形成应接不暇之感面从视觉印象方面向人展示蕉叶不断舒展的动态而蕉心常卷犹如愁情无极嫩黄浅绿的蕉心中紧裹着绵绵不尽的情思全词篇幅短小而情意深蕴语言明白晓畅能充分运用双声叠韵重言叠句以及设问和口语的长处形成参差错落顿挫有致的韵律又能抓住芭蕉的形象特征采用即景抒情寓情于物触景生情寓情于景的写作手法抒发国破家亡后难言的伤痛用笔轻灵而感情凝重体现出漱玉词语新意隽顿挫有致的优点蒋哲伦等李清照词鉴赏济南齐鲁书社《梓人传》文言文及翻译裴封叔之第在光德里有梓人款其门愿佣隙宇而处焉所职寻引规矩绳墨家不居砻斫之器问其能曰吾善度材视栋宇之制高深圆方短长之宜吾指使而群工役焉舍我众莫能就一宇故食于官府吾受禄三倍作于私家吾收其直太半焉他日入其室其床阙足而不能理曰将求他工余甚笑之谓其无能而贪禄嗜货者其后京兆尹将饰官署余往过焉委群材会群工或执斧斤或执刀锯皆环立向之梓人左持引右执杖而中处焉量栋宇之任视木之能举挥其杖曰斧彼执斧者奔而右顾而指曰锯彼执锯者趋而左俄而斤者斫刀者削皆视其色俟其言莫敢自断者其不胜任者怒而退之亦莫敢愠焉画宫于堵盈尺而曲尽其制计其毫厘而构大厦无进退焉既成书于上栋曰某年某月某日某建则其姓字也凡执用之工不在列余圜视大骇然后知其术之工大矣继而叹曰彼将舍其手艺专其心智而能知体要者欤吾闻劳心者役人劳力者役于人彼其劳心者欤能者用而智者谋彼其智者欤是足为佐天子相天下法矣物莫近乎此也彼为天下者本于人其执役者为徒隶为乡师里胥其上为下士又其上为中士为上士又其上为大夫为卿为公离而为六职判而为百役外薄四海有方伯连率郡有守邑有宰皆有佐政其下有胥吏又其下皆有啬夫版尹以就役焉犹众工之各有执伎以食力也彼佐天子相天下者举而加焉指而使焉条其纲纪而盈缩焉齐其法制而整顿焉犹梓人之有规矩绳墨以定制也择天下之士使称其职居天下之人使安其业视都知野视野知国视国知天下其远迩细大可手据其图而究焉犹梓人画宫于堵而绩于成也能者进而由之使无所德不能者退而休之亦莫敢愠不炫能不矜名不亲小劳不侵众官日与天下之英才讨论其大经犹梓人之善运众工而不伐艺也夫然后相道得而万国理矣相道既得万国既理天下举首而望曰吾相之功也后之人循迹而慕曰彼相之才也士或谈殷周之理者曰伊傅周召其百执事之勤劳而不得纪焉犹梓人自名其功而执用者不列也大哉相乎通是道者所谓相而已矣其不知体要者反此以恪勤为公以簿书为尊炫能矜名亲小劳侵众官窃取六职百役之事听听于府庭而遗其大者远者焉所谓不通是道者也犹梓人而不知绳墨之曲直规矩之方圆寻引之短长姑夺众工之斧斤刀锯以佐其艺又不能备其工以至败绩用而无所成也不亦谬欤或曰彼主为室者傥或发其私智牵制梓人之虑夺其世守而道谋是用虽不能成功岂其罪耶亦在任之而已余曰不然夫绳墨诚陈规矩诚设高者不可抑而下也狭者不可张而广也由我则固不由我则圮彼将乐去固而就圮也则卷其术默其智悠尔而去不屈吾道是诚良梓人耳其或嗜其货利忍而不能舍也丧其制量屈而不能守也栋桡屋坏则曰非我罪也可乎哉可乎哉余谓梓人之道类于相故书而藏之梓人盖古之审曲面势者今谓之都料匠云余所遇者杨氏潜其名
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